ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis on ocular blood flow in diabetic retinopathy rats. METHODS:A total of 90 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=30), model group (n= 30) and intervention group (n=30). Rats in the model group and intervention group were fed with high glucose and high fat diet and injected with streptozotocin (40mg/kg) in order to construct DR model rats,while rats in the control group were fed with basic diet and injected with the same amount of normal saline. After 4wk, the rats in the intervention group were injected with Rhodiola sachalinensis injection(10mL,one per day),while rats in the control group and the model group were injected with normal saline. The course of intervention treatment was 4wk. The ocular blood flow in rats was detected by laser doppler flowmetry, the apoptosis of retinal cells in rats was detected by TUNEL method, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) and glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) in retina of rats was detected by RT-PCR method and Western blot method. RESULTS:The whole blood viscosity,whole blood high shear viscosity,low shear blood viscosity and erythrocyte sedimentation of rats in the model group and intervention group were higher than those in the control group (P<0 01),while the indexes of intervention group were lower than that of model group (P<0.01). The PSV and EDC of rats in the model group and intervention group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01), and the Rl was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). The PSV and EDC in the intervention group were higher than those in the model group (P<0.01), and Rl was lower than that in the model group (P<0.01). The apoptosis rate of retinal cells of model group and intervention group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), that in the intervention group was lower than that in the model group (P<0.01). The expression of VEGF and GFAP in retina tissue of model group and intervention group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), and the expression of GLAST was lower than that in the control group(P<0 01). The expression of VEGF and GFAP in the intervention group was lower than that in the model group(P<0.01),and the expression of GLAST was higher than that in the model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Rhodiola sachalinensis injection can significantly improve the ocular blood flow in diabetic retinopathy rats, reduce the apoptosis of retinal cells in rats, down regulate the expression of VEGF and GFAP, and up regulate the expression of GLAST.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The normal range of red cell distribution width (RDW) level is <15%. Several studies have indicated that a high RDW level was associated with mortality in critically ill patients, and the patients with a high RDW level need increased focus in clinical practice. In view of the difficulty in defining the specific value of high RDW level, the key is to focus on the patient with the level beyond the normal upper limit. This study aimed to determine whether dynamic change of RDW levels, rather than the level itself, is predictive of death in elderly patients with septic shock when RDW level is beyond 15%.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between September 2013 and September 2015, the elderly septic shock patients with RDW level beyond 15% were enrolled in this study. The RDW levels were measured at enrollment (day 1), and days 4 and 7 after enrollment. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were recorded simultaneously.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 45 patients, including 32 males and 13 females, were included in the final analysis. Based on their hospital outcomes, these patients were divided into the survivor group (n = 26) and the nonsurvivor group (n = 19). There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index, initial level of RDW, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, and SOFA scores between survivors and nonsurvivors. At days 4 and 7 measurement, both RDW level (median [interquartile range]: day 4: 15.8 [2.0]% vs. 16.7 [2.0]%, P= 0.011; and day 7: 15.6 [1.8]% vs. 17.7 [2.5]%, P= 0.001) and SOFA scores (day 4: 7.0 [4.0] vs. 16.0 [5.0], P< 0.001, day 7: 5.5 [4.0] vs. 17.0 [5.0], P< 0.001) were significantly lower in survivors than those in nonsurvivors. Dynamic changes of RDW and SOFA scores in survivor group were significantly different from those in nonsurvivor group (all P< 0.05). Continuous increase in RDW level was observed in 10 of the 13 nonsurvivors, but only in 3 of the 26 survivors. The level of RDW7 and dynamic changes significantly correlated with their counterparts of SOFA scores (all P< 0.05), whereas the levels of RDW1 and RDW4 had no significant correlation with their counterparts of SOFA scores (all P> 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Continuous increase in RDW level, rather than the level of RDW itself, was more useful in predicting hospital death in elderly patients with septic shock when the level of RDW was >15%. The dynamic changes of RDW were highly correlated with the SOFA score in the patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , APACHE , Critical Illness , Erythrocyte Indices , Physiology , Hospital Mortality , Observational Studies as Topic , Organ Dysfunction Scores , Prognosis , Shock, Septic , Blood , MortalityABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of human soluble VE-cadherin in human plasma and to investigate its value in clinical use.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The monoclonal antibodies against human VE-cadherin were prepared from BALB/c mice immunized with prokaryotic expression recombinant proteins, and the best combination of double antibodies was selected by checkerboard titration method. Double antibody sandwich ELISA for the determination of human VE-cadherin was established by using HRP-labeled McAb as a detection antibody and a capture antibody. The methodology performance was evaluated. The plasma concentrations of VE-cadherin in 28 healthy subjects and 60 patients with cancer were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The double antibody sandwich ELISA for the determination of human VE-cadherin was established by selecting the combination of double antibodies. The detection limit was 24.7 pg/ml, the coefficients of variation for inner-batch and inter-batch were 4.1%-7.7% and 8.7%-10.8% respectively. The average recovery was 96.7%. The plasma level of soluble VE-cadherin in normal controls was 262.1±11.75 pg/ml. The plasma level of soluble VE-cadherin was 173.9±17.98 pg/ml in 24 patients with leukemia, 311.7±25.24 pg/ml in 14 patients with stomach cancer, 206.8±25.01 pg/ml in 11 patients with lung cancer, and 310.7±11.82 pg/ml in others patients(9 patients with breast cancer, 1 patients with gliomas, 1 patients with liver cancer).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The developed ELISA kit has better sensitivity and specificity, and can be used in detection of human soluble VE-cadherin in human plasma, therefore, it can provide a new mathod for diagnosis of cancer patients.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the chiral inversion of dextropantoprazole in human.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three healthy Chinese male volunteers after an oral dose of 40 mg dextropantoprazole. An HPLC method was developed and used to determine the total plasma concentrations of each enantiomer. The ratios of the enantiomers in plasma samples were measured on a Chiral-AGP column. The plasma concentration of each enantiomer was then calculated using the ratios of enantiomers and total concentrations of the two enantiomers previously measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The AUC0-t of levopantoprazole was only 1.5% of the total AUC0-t of enantiomers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The chiral inversion from dextropantoprazole to levopantoprazole does not occur in the three healthy Chinese male volunteers after an oral dose of 40 mg dextropantoprazol.</p>